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Toxins of Amanita
|
Heather E. Hallen,
editor
166 Plant Biology
Laboratories
Department of Plant Biology
Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI 48824-1312
USA |
|
Note: Readers
are encouraged to supply us with information about
laboratories,
individual projects, and research publications to which
links can be created.
[ mushroom
poisoning (general) ] [ links to
amatoxin-related publications & sites ] [ organizational links ]
Page
background
tile depicts Amanita
exitialis.
Editor's bacground tile depicts Amanita
bisporigera.
MUSHROOM
POISONING (GENERAL)
[ recommended
general poisoning reference ] [ links to
amatoxin-related
publications & sites ] [ organizational links ]
US
poison control centers: Many of the US poison control centers
share a common telephone number: 800
222-1222.
If
a
victim has
collapsed or is not breathing, call 911.
For the localities of US poison control centers and selected
centers in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, visit www.AAPCC.org.
Recommended
reference: If not the most valuable, certainly one of the few most
valuable works on mushroom poisoning, is the work of Denis Benjamin, MD,
entitled Mushrooms. Poisons and Panaceas. In the opinion of
RET, this book should be accessible in every emergency room and poison
control center in North America at least (with local taxonomic knowledge
added, its applicability is broader). Dr. Benjamin does not
stint on the taxonomic information. In addition,
importantly, he provides the information most accessible to physicians,
persons receiving calls in a poison control center, and other emergency
medical personnel -- the symptoms presented by a patient in his/her
home, an ambulance, or an emergency room. The book presents
poisonings, causes, and treatments organized by toxins and by
symptoms. Taxonomic descriptions are offered; but taxonomy of
poisonous mushrooms is not the core of this very useful book. Benjamin
points out that support of a taxonomist can be useful to reduce any
confusion or misunderstanding of book users.
-
Summary
of the book (originally used as supporting material for an
introductory seminar on mushroom toxicology to parataxonomist
volunteers supporting the New
Jersey Poison Information and Education System (NJPIES) by R. E.
Tulloss, Dorothy Smullen, and Glenn Boyd (New
Jersey Mycological Association) is available here with the
permission of Dr. Benjamin. (download,
PDF, 506 Kb)
-
Publication
data: Benjamin, Denis R. 1995. Mushrooms. Poisons and panaceas. (W.
H. Freeman, New York). xxvi+422 pp. ISBN: 0-7167-2600-9 (hard
cover), 0-7167-2649-1 (soft cover).
-
Obtaining
a copy: (t.b.d.) [NB: The Amanita Studies site
earns no income from sales of this book.]
[ mushroom
poisoning (general) ] [ links to
amatoxin-related
publications & sites ] [ organizational links ]
PUBLICATIONS
RELATING TO AMANITA TOXIN CHEMISTRY:
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Amanita smithiana mushroom ingestion: A case of delayed renal failure and literature review
Patrick L. West, Janet Lindgren, B. Zane Horowitz. 2009. J. Med. Toxicol. 5(1): 32-38. [PDF, 1.33 MB]
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Gene family encoding the toxins of lethal Amanita mushrooms. H. E. Hallen, H. Luo,
J. S. Scott-Craig, J. D. Walton. 2007. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19097-19101.
[ Abstract ]
-
Primer Note:
Using the incomplete genome of the ectomycorrhizal fungus
Amanita bisporigera to identify molecular polymorphisms in the related
Amanita phalloides. R. I. Adams, H. E. Hallen, A. Pringle. 2006.
Molec. Ecol. Notes 6: 218-220. [PDF, 80 KB]
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Production and characterization of Amanitin toxins
from a pure culture of Amanita exitialis. P. Zhang,
Z.-H. Chen, J.-S. Hu, B.-Y. Wei, S.-G. Zhang and W.-Q. Hu. 2005. FEMS Microbiol. Let. 252:
223-228. [PDF, 3.25 MB]
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Amatoxins
and phallotoxins in indigenous and introduced South African Amanita
species. H. E. Hallen, G. C. Adams and A. Eicker. 2002. S.
African J. Bot.
68: 322-326.
SITES RELATING TO AMANITA TOXIN CHEMISTRY:
-
The
Amanita genome project (site) - toxin-related effort
to sequence the genome of Amanita
bisporigera G. F. Atk. and identify genes associated with toxin production.
-
Amanita
and amatoxins (page) - a summary of H. E. Hallen's
hypotheses particularly as related to amatoxins as adaptation (for
what sort of defense from what sort of thing?) and the history of
amatoxin facilitating genes in the four genera known to include species that produce
amatoxins.
LINKS
TO ORGANIZATIONS (e.g., POISON CONTROL CENTERS):
-
International
Listing
- poison centers by country - World Health Organization (WHO)
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
-
African Region,
WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: - for some countries
adjacent to the Mediterranean, see the listing for Eastern
Mediterranean, below.
-
American
Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC)
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Animal
Poison Control (USA) (APCA)
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Asia,
Northern [WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: European Region]
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Asia, Southeast [WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region] - also see
" Asia, Southern," below.
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Asia,
Southern [WHO/IPCS directory of poison centers: Southeast Asian
Region] - also see "Asia, Southeast," above
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Australia
[WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region]
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[Australian]
Poison Control [Centres]
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China
[WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region]
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Eastern
Mediterranean (including Iran and some southern Mediterranean Arabic-speaking
countries) [WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: Eastern
Mediterranean Region] - for some northern African countries see the listing for Africa, above.
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European
Association of Poison Centres and Clinical Toxicologists (EAPCCT)
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Europe
(including northern Mediterranean region) [WHO/IPCS directory of
poison centres: European Region)]
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India
[WHO/IPCS directory of poison centers: Southeast Asian Region]
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Japan,
Korea [WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region]
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Latinamericanos,
Centros Toxicológicos (Español/Portugués/English)
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New
Zealand [WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region]
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North
American, Caribbean, Central American, and South American countries
(includes some English-speaking countries) [WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Region
of the Americas]
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POISINDEX®
System - Note: a product that requires subscription by users
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Philippines
[WHO/IPCS
directory of poison centres: Western Pacific Region]
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Rocky
Mountain Poison and Drug Center
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Russia
[WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: European Region]
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South
American countries [WHO/IPCS directory of poison centres: Region of the
Americas]
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Return to Amanita Studies main page. ]
[ mushroom poisoning (general) ] [ links to
amatoxin-related publications & sites ] [ organizational links ]
Last change to this page 22 April 2009.
This page is maintained by R. E. Tulloss.
Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009 R. E. Tulloss.
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